Английская грамматика и лексика в фокусе

114B. Unless or if notUnless can sometimes be used instead of if not.Unless we leave now, we’ll miss the train.(If we don’t leave now, we’ll miss the train.)3.Second conditional (type 2)form meanings example If + past simple ... would / could / mightxis used to speculate about imaginary or improbable situations (the implication is that the conditions will not be met).xcan refer to unreal situations.xoften used to express advice.You’d feel healthier if you did more exercise.If you went to Africa, you’d have to have several injections. (It’s not likely you’ll go to Africa, but it is possible.)If people didn’t drive so fast, there wouldn’t be so many fatal accidents. (Actually, people do drive fast and there are a lot of fatal accidents.)If I were you, I wouldn’t drive so fast.Note Might and could can be used instead of wouldin the main clause of second conditional sentences to show uncertainty.If you did more exercise, you might feel healthier.4.Third conditional (type 3)form Meanings example If + past perfect ... would / might / could have + past participle.This type of sentence looks back at the past and speculates about possibilities which didn’t happen.If I’d had your address, I’d have sent you a postcard. (I didn’t have your address, so I didn’t send you a postcard.)You might not have crashed into the bus if you’d been driving more slowly.Note When the if clause comes before the main clause, it is followed by a comma. When the ifclause comes after the main clause, there is no comma between the clauses.…………………………………………………………………………………….