English in economics and economic security

49 would be shared equally by the people of a community under the direction of a strong central government. Mixed Market Economies Private enterprise systems and planned economies adopt ba-sically opposite approaches to operating economies. In reality, though, many countries operate mixed market economies, economic systems that draw from both types of economies, to dif-ferent degrees. In nations generally considered to have a private enterprise economy, government-owned firms frequently operate alongside private enterprises. The proportions of private and public enterprise can vary widely in mixed economies and the mix frequently changes. Doz-ens of countries have converted government-owned and operated companies into privately held businesses in a trend known as pri-vatization. Governments may privatize state-owned enterprises in an effort to raise funds and improve their economies. The ob-jective is to cut costs and run the operation more efficiently. (Based on: David L. Kurtz. Boone and Kurtz Contemporary Business) ACTIVE VOCABULARY competition cut-throat competition economic system government ownership hands-off attitude industrialized nation (country) macroeconomics manufacturing facilities mixed economy monopolistic competition planned economy private enterprise system (capitalism or market economy) private ownership (property) конкуренция конкуренция не на жизнь, а на смерть экономическая система государственная собственность позиция невмешательства развитая (индустриально-развитая) страна макроэкономика производственные мощности смешанная экономика монополистическая конкуренция плановая (командно-административная) экономика система частного предпринима-тельства (капитализм или рыноч-ная экономика) частная собственность