Иностранный язык в профессиональной сфере (английский)

39zation; reduce – reduction – reducing; treat – treatment; add – addition – additional– additive; neutron – neutral – neutralize – neutralizer; 4. Read and translate the text CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN VIVO AND IN VITRO Chemical reactions are an integral part of technology, culture, and indeed of life itself. Burning of fuels, iron smelting, photosynthesis, glass and pottery making, brewing beer, wine and cheese making (fermentation) or production of sweets (cara-melization) are among many examples of activities incorporating chemical reactions that have been known and used for thousands of years. Chemical reactions abound in the geology of Earth, in the atmosphere and oceans, and in a wide range of compli-cated processes that occur in all living systems, whether that be chemical changes in living cells or decomposition processes of any lifeless matter. For example, decom-position is the process by which organic substances are broken down into simpler matter. The process is a part of nutrient cycle and is essential for recycling the finite matter that occupies physical space in the biosphere. Bodies of living organisms be-gin to decompose shortly after death. Chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products. Substances are either chemical elements or compounds. A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products. In reactions under normal laboratory conditions, matter is neither created nor de-stroyed, and elements are not transformed into other elements. Therefore, equations depicting reactions must be balanced; that is, the same number of atoms of each kind must appear on opposite sides of the equation. The balanced equation for the iron-sulfur reaction shows that one iron atom can react with one sulfur atom to give one formula unit of iron sulfide. However, chemical reactions must be distinguished from physi...