Прикладная экономика
Учебник создан с учетом требований федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего профессионального образования, а также образовательных стандартов, принятых в НИУ ВШЭ. Материал учебника позволяет не только развивать и совершенствовать языковые и общеакадемические умения и навыки, но и формировать языковую компетентность, лежащую в основе будущей профессиональной деятельности. Для успешного освоения материала необходимо владение английским языком на уровне В2.
Для студентов экономических специальностей, изучающих английский язык для профессиональных целей.
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Содержание книги "Прикладная экономика "
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Part I. Applied Economics: Competence Development46(8) At the starting point 1, the manager sets the objective and attempts to achieve it. If, after evaluation, it is found that the objective has been achieved, then this will lead to an increase in aspirational level (3B). A new and higher objective (4B) will then emerge. Thus, by setting achievable objectives, what might be an initial minimum target turns out to be a prelude to a series of high-er targets, perhaps culminating in the achievement of some maximum target, or objective. If, on the other hand, the initial objective is not achieved, then aspirational levels are lowered (3A) until achievable objectives are set. Simon’s theory is one in which no single objective can be presumed to be the inevitable outcome of this organizational process. In fact, the final objective may, as we have seen, be far removed from the initial one. [1, p. 47–51]Vocabularyascertain /v/ to make certain of smthUnfortunately, since there are so many possible explanations, the correct one is most difficult to ascertain.assumption /n/smth that you accept as true without question or proofMy calculations were based on the assumption that house prices would remain steady.emerge /v/to begin to be known or noticedLocal government has recently emerged as a major issue.incentive /n/smth that encourages you to work harder, start a new activity etc.Awards provide an incentive for young people to improve their skills.intersect /v/if two lines or roads intersect, they meet or go across each otherThe rate of national income at which the two lines intersect, is the equilibrium rate of national income, for a given rate of interest.perks /pl. n/smth that you get legally from your work in addition to your wages, such as goods, meals, or a cartheatre tickets and other perksprelude /n/if an event is a prelude to a more important event, it happens just before it and makes people expect itLiving together as a prelude to marriage is now consi...
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