Английский язык
книга

Английский язык : устная речь : практикум

Автор: Татьяна Кузнецова

Форматы: PDF

Издательство: Издательство Уральского университета

Год: 2016

Место издания: Екатеринбург

ISBN: 978-5-7996-1800-1

Страниц: 271

Артикул: 97655

Электронная книга
271

Краткая аннотация книги "Английский язык"

Учебное пособие содержит тексты на английском языке в британском и американском вариантах по современной тематике (изобретения, нанотехнологии, экологические проблемы, глобализация и др.) с вопросами и заданиями, нацеленными на расширение словарного запаса по указанным темам и совершенствование навыков устной речи. Для студентов старших курсов бакалавриата и магистратуры языковых факультетов. также может использоваться при подготовке к международным экзаменам по английскому языку.

Содержание книги "Английский язык"


Предисловие
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Landmark Inventions of the Millennium (H. Brody)
NUCLEAR POWER AND WEAPONS
Energy: How Nuclear Power Works (I. Sample)
Nuclear Weapons: How Many Are there in 2009 and Who Has Them?
ROBOTS AND ROBOTICS
Robots Create Revolution in Evolution (J. Borger, T. Radford)
Guilty Robots (D. Kerr)
Robot Wars Are a Reality (N. Sharkey)
War Crimes and Killer Robots (A. Brown)
Centre Pioneers Robotic Surgery
An Interview at the Operating Table: Your Life in a Robot’s Hands (E. Midgley)
The Incredible Bionic Man
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Future Impact of Nanotechnology (P. Yang, D. E. Luzzi)
The Dark Secret of Hendrik Schön — Nanotechnology
GENETIC ENGINEERING
The Theory of Genetic Engineering
False Dawns in the Brave World of New Genetics (M. Bygrave)
The Ethics of Human Cloning (L. J. Morse)
Scientists Say Food Supplies Hinge on Genetic Engineering (C. Wallerstien)
Brave New World by A. Huxley
HEALTH AND MEDICINE
The Issues and Ethics of Organ Transplantation
Euthanasia: Notion and Ethics (T. L. Beauchamp)
Australia: Euthanasia Law Overturned
LAW AND ORDER
Commonly Used Legal Terms
Saving Lives and Money
Executing Justice
Should the Death Penalty Be Abolished? (L .C. Marshall)
Why the Death Penalty Is a Necessary and Proper Means of Punishment? (P. G. Cassell)
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND PROTECTION
Threats to the Environment (M. Zimmerman)
Global Warming (J. Hart)
Pacific Islands in Danger: Tuvalu and Kiribati
Buried in Garbage? (S. Swanson)
Will Renewable Sources of Energy Come of Age in the 21st Century? (Ch. Flavin, S. Dunn)
THE CONSUMER SOCIETY
But Will It Make You Happy? (S. Rosenbloom)
Effects of Consumerism
Advertising (B. Robbs)
GLOBALIZATION
Life in the Global Marketplace (M. I. Hassan)
GLOBAL THREATS AND TERRORISM
The Enduring Impact of 9/11 (G. LaFree, L. Dugan, E. Miller)
THE INTERNET AND SOCIETY
Don’t Take My Internet Away (L. Hickman)
What Will the Internet Look Like 40 Years in the Future? (E. Bell)
Addiction to Internet ‘Is an Illness’ (D. Smith)
The Internet and the ‘E-solated’ (T. Adams)
The Dark Side of the Internet (A. Beckett)
Пример итоговой контрольной работы по разделу
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37movies, starring Arnold Schwarzenegger — historians may look back to this moment as its genesis.Hod Lipson and Jordan Pollack, computer scientists at Brandeis University in Massachusetts, acknowledge concerns about their work but argue “there are many, many further steps before this technology could become dangerous”.Earlier experiments have produced computers which could design virtual robots and put them through simulated tests, but the Brandeis scientists have gone a step further, connecting a robot-designing com-puter to a fully-automated machine which can rapidly build each design the software suggests.Commenting on the experiment in Nature, Rodney Brooks, an expert in artificial intelligence at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said: “This is a long awaited and necessary step towards the ultimate dream of self-evolving machines.”MutationsMr Lipson and Mr Pollack gave their computer the task of develop-ing a robot that would move along the ground as efficiently as possible. The programme responded by producing designs at random, assessing them, and then introducing small mutations to the design to discover if the changes improved the machine’s speed and efficiency — imitating the natural process of evolution. “Typically, several tens of generations passed before the first movement occurred,” they said. Once the computer had “evolved” a moving robot, it tested it in the real world by sending the design to a “rapid prototyping” machine which built it from a versatile plastic. The robots emerged from the machine fully-formed apart from the motors, which had to be snapped into place by the scientists. That was the only part played by humans in the process. The computer produced several types of robot which used different methods of motion — some moved sideways like crabs, others swung from side to side, another pulled itself along with two limbs. “Although both the machines and the task that we describe are fairly simple compared with the products of ...